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Friday, 11 January 2013

FACT ON HIV/AIDS

FACT ON HIV/AIDS

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infects cells of the immune system

Infection results in the progressive deterioration of the immune system, breaking down the body's ability to fend off some infections and other diseases. AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome) refers to the most advanced stages of HIV infection, defined by the occurrence of any of more than 20 opportunistic infections or related cancers.

HIV can be transmitted in several ways

HIV can be transmitted through:
  • unprotected sexual intercourse (vaginal or anal) or oral sex with an infected person;
  • transfusions of contaminated blood;
  • the sharing of contaminated needles, syringes or other sharp instruments;
  • the transmission between a mother and her baby during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. 

34 million people live with HIV worldwide

The vast majority are in low- and middle-income countries. An estimated 2.5 million people were newly infected with the virus in 2011.

HIV is the world’s leading infectious killer

About 25 million people have died to date. An estimated 1.7 million people died of HIV/AIDS in 2011.

Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevents the HIV virus from multiplying in the body

If the reproduction of the HIV virus stops, then the body's immune cells are able to live longer and provide the body with protection from infections. If the HIV positive partner in a couple is on ART, the likelihood of sexual transmission to the HIV-negative partner decreases dramatically.

Over 8 million HIV-positive people had access to ART in low- and middle-income countries at the end of 2011

Overall, the coverage of ART in low- and middle-income countries continued to increase and was 54% of the close to 15 million people eligible for treatment.

An estimated 3.34 million children are living with HIV

According to 2011 figures most of the children live in sub-Saharan Africa and were infected by their HIV-positive mothers during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. Over 900 children become newly infected with HIV each day.

Mother-to-child-transmission of HIV is almost entirely avoidable

Access to preventive interventions remains limited in most low- and middle-income countries. But progress has been made. In 2011, 57% of pregnant women living with HIV received the most effective drug regimens (as recommended by WHO) to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the virus.

HIV is the strongest risk factor for developing active TB disease

In 2011, approximately 430 000 deaths from tuberculosis occurred among people living with HIV. That is one quarter of the estimated 1.7 million deaths from HIV in that year. The majority of people living with both HIV and TB reside in sub-Saharan Africa (about 79% of cases worldwide).

There are several ways to prevent HIV transmission

Key ways to prevent HIV transmission:
  • practice safe sexual behaviors such as using condoms;
  • get tested and treated for sexually transmitted infections, including HIV;
  • avoid injecting drugs, or if you do, always use new and disposable needles and syringes;
  • ensure that any blood or blood products that you might need are tested for HIV.







DETAILS:CORONARY HEART DISEASE

coronary heart disease

 

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. CHD is also called coronary artery disease.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the United States for men and women.
Coronary heart disease is caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries to your heart. This may also be called hardening of the arteries.
  • Fatty material and other substances form a plaque build-up on the walls of your coronary arteries. The coronary arteries bring blood and oxygen to your heart.
  • This buildup causes the arteries to get narrow.
  • As a result, blood flow to the heart can slow down or stop.
A risk factor for heart disease is something that increases your chance of getting it. You cannot change some risk factors for heart disease, but others you can change. See: Heart disease - risk factors

Symptoms

Symptoms may be very noticeable, but sometimes you can have the disease and not have any symptoms. This is especially true in the early stages of heart disease.
Chest pain or discomfort (angina) is the most common symptom. You feel this pain when the heart is not getting enough blood or oxygen. How bad the pain is varies from person to person.
  • It may feel heavy or like someone is squeezing your heart. You may feel it under your breast bone (sternum), but also in your neck, arms, stomach, or upper back.
  • The pain usually occurs with activity or emotion, and goes away with rest or a medicine called nitroglycerin.
  • Other symptoms include shortness of breath and fatigue with activity (exertion).
Women, elderly people, and people with diabetes are more likely to have symptoms other than chest pain, such as:
  • Fatigue
  • Shortness of breath
  • General weakness

    Signs and tests

    Your doctor or nurse will examine you. Your doctor will often order more than one test before making a diagnosis.
    Tests may include:

    Treatment

    You may be asked to take one or more medicines to treat blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol levels. Follow your doctor's directions closely to help prevent coronary artery disease from getting worse.
    Goals for treating these conditions in people who have coronary artery disease:
    • Blood pressure less than or equal to 140/90 (even lower for patients with diabetes, kidney disease, or heart failure)
    • HbA1c levels if you have diabetes at a level recommended by your doctor
    • LDL cholesterol level less than or equal to 100 mg/dL (even lower for some patients)
    Treatment depends on your symptoms and how severe the disease is. Your doctor may give you one or more medicines to treat heart disease, blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol. Follow your doctor's directions closely to help prevent coronary artery disease from getting worse.
    Never stop taking your medicines without talking to your doctor first. Stopping heart medicines suddenly can make your angina worse or cause a heart attack.
    Your doctor may refer you to a cardiac rehabilitation program to help improve your heart's fitness.
    Procedures and surgeries used to treat CHD include:

    Expectations (prognosis)

    Everyone recovers differently. Some people can maintain a healthy life by changing their diet, stopping smoking, and taking medications exactly as the doctor prescribes. Others may need medical procedures such as angioplasty or surgery.
    Although everyone is different, early detection of CHD generally results in a better outcome.

    Calling your health care provider

    If you have any risk factors for CHD, contact your doctor to discuss prevention and possible treatment.
    Immediately contact your health care provider, call the local emergency number (such as 911), or go to the emergency room if you have:

    References

    1. Gaziano JM, Ridker PM, Libby P. Primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. In: Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P,eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 49.
    2. Greenland P, Alpert JS, Beller GA, et al. 2010 ACCF/AHA guideline for assessment of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Forceon Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2010;122(25)e584-e636.
    3. Hansson GK, Hamsten A. Atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 70.
    4. Mosca L, Benjamin EJ, Berra K, et al. Effectiveness-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women--2011 Update:a guideline from the American Heart Association. Circulation.2011;123(11);1243-1262.

 

SOLVING HIGH BLOOD SUGARS

Solving High Blood Sugars 

Any type of illness can raise your blood sugar because of the stress hormones that are produced.  Therefore, your blood sugar level may be high even when you are not able to eat.  Blood sugar levels may also become hard to control.  If blood sugar levels get high enough, it can lead to a life-threatening condition called diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Diabetic Ketoacidosis or DKA

DKA is caused by not having enough insulin in the body.  When you do not have enough insulin, the body burns fat for energy.  This breakdown of fat produces ketones (an acid).  DKA can occur when high levels of ketones build up in the blood.  When you are sick, it can develop within a few hours or overnight.  If not treated, it can lead to coma and death.

Insulin Pump

Insulin used in a pump often wears off in 3 - 4 hours.  If a problem occurs with your infusion set or your pump, DKA can develop within hours.  You must be aware of the causes and warning signs of DKA.  You will need to check your blood sugars every 2 to 3 hours when you are sick. You should have urine ketone testing strips available at all times.  You may also need to inject insulin with a syringe to treat high blood sugars until your blood sugars are controlled.

Causes of High Blood Sugars with Insulin Pump Users

  • Any illness, infection, surgery.
  • Infection at infusion site.
  • Infusion set has pulled out or disconnected.
  • Physical or emotional stress.
  • Insulin exposed to extremes in temperature.
  • Some medicines may increase blood sugar levels.
  • Old or expired insulin.  Once opened, insulin is good for 28 days.
  • Infusion set has been in longer than 3 days.

Warning Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of high blood sugars are early warning signs of DKA.  Be careful!  Signs and symptoms of DKA are often the same as the flu.  If you live alone, you should tell a family member or close friend that you are ill and have them call to check on you several times each day.

Symptoms of High Blood Sugars
  • Increased thirst (your body needs extra fluids).
  • Increased urination (your body’s way of getting rid of extra sugar).
  • Fatigue (your body’s cells are not getting enough sugar or energy because you lack insulin).
  • Weight loss (your body is burning fat for energy).
  • Dehydration (due to increased urination, vomiting, diarrhea, fever).

Symptoms of DKA
  • Nausea or vomiting.
  • Abdominal pain.
  • Rapid, labored breathing.
  • Fruity odor to the breath.
  • Severe dehydration.

Steps to Take for High Blood Sugars

  • If your blood sugars are over 250 mg/dL, 2 times in a row, and are not coming down with extra insulin, read the Troubleshooting Questions on the next page.  These questions may help you figure out the cause of your high blood sugars.
  • Check your urine for ketones every time you urinate.
  • If ketones are negative, you can bolus insulin using the pump once.  Keep testing your blood sugar and ketones every 2 hours.  If your blood sugars do not improve after a bolus from the pump, you will need to inject all insulin using a syringe.
  • If ketones are positive, use a syringe to take rapid-acting insulin (Humalog®/NovoLog®/Apidra®).  This insulin can be taken every 2 hours until the blood sugar is back to your target range and ketones are negative.
  • Change your reservoir and infusion set.
  • Drink fluids. (see Nutrition Guidelines below)
  • Call the UWHC Diabetes Clinic for help.  The clinic number is 608.263.7741.  If after hours, weekends or holidays, call 608.262.0486 and ask for the diabetes team on-call.  The team is available 24 hours a day.

Troubleshooting Questions

Ask yourself the questions below if your blood sugars are over 250 mg/dL.  This may help you to find the cause of high blood sugars and prevent DKA.

Health
  • Are you getting a cold or virus?
  • Is your stress level higher than usual?
  • Are you ovulating or premenstrual?
  • Have you gained or lost weight suddenly?

Blood Sugar Control
  • Are you having frequent low blood sugars?
  • Have you checked your blood sugars during the night?  You may be having lows and not waking up.
  • Are you having swings of low and high blood sugars?
  • What are you using to treat low blood sugars?

Insulin
  • Are you estimating too much or too little insulin to cover high blood sugars?
  • Are you estimating too much or too little insulin to cover your carbohydrates?
  • Does your correction scale need to be adjusted?
  • Has your insulin been exposed to extremes in temperature?  If in doubt, use a new vial. Insulin does not work when exposed to extreme temperatures.

Activity
  • Have you changed your level of activity?
  • Are you having low blood sugars during or after activity?
  • Are you using a temporary basal or decreasing your bolus when you are active?
  • Does your insulin need to be adjusted with exercise?

Food
  • Are your meals balanced?  Are you eating enough carbohydrates?
  • Does the food contain hidden sources of sugar or fat?
  • Do you have gastroparesis?  This affects how your stomach empties.  If you think you do, contact your diabetes nurse to discuss how to adjust your bolus settings.

Medications
  • Have you started a new medication which causes high blood sugars?  This might include prednisone, cortisone shots, and others.

Infusion Set
  • Are you having problems with your pump?  Most problems are related to infusion sets and not the pump.  Call the pump company’s 24 hour help-line.  If the pump is failing or you are getting pump alarms, call them.
  • Do you feel lumps when removing the infusion set?
  • Is the infusion set painful to touch?
  • Is there bleeding around or in the infusion set?
  • Are there bubbles in the tubing or the cartridge/reservoir?  Cold insulin can cause bubbles.
  • Do you use the same sites or areas all the time?  Do you change your infusion set every 2 to 3 days?  The tissue needs time to heal before choosing that site again.  If you have had diabetes a long time and use the same area for your injections, the tissue may not be healthy.  This will affect insulin absorption.

Nutrition Guidelines to Prevent Dehydration

  • Drink water and other liquids.
  • Take small amounts of fluid every 10 minutes (8 ounces per hour is best). 
  • With vomiting and diarrhea, your body loses electrolytes like potassium and sodium. Replace these losses with bouillon, soups, sports drinks, juices, and other options listed below.
    • Non-diet soda
    • Jell-O
    • Pudding
    • Juices
    • Popsicles
    • Sports drinks
    • Cooked cereals
    • Soups or bouillon
    • Crackers or toast
    • Sherbet or ice cream

Hint: White sodas that are warm and flat are better tolerated than cold, carbonated sodas.

  • If you cannot eat your normal meals, replace carbohydrates with foods that have sugar. These foods must have sugar (regardless of your blood sugar level) to prevent the breakdown of your fat into ketones.  You will need to take insulin to cover the sugar in the liquids and high blood sugar.

When To Call Your Diabetes Team (Phone Number: ________________________ )

  • If your urine is positive to ketones. 
  • If you have symptoms of DKA.
  • You are unable to control your blood sugar.
  • If in doubt, go to the nearest Emergency Room.  Do not delay treatment.  Ketoacidosis needs to be treated right away.  This can be life-threatening if not treated quickly.  Discuss with your health care team when to use the Emergency Room.

Information You May Be Asked by Diabetes Team

  • How long you have been sick. 
  • Current symptoms (especially those related to DKA). 
  • Blood sugar levels. 
  • Urine ketone levels. 
  • What you have been able to eat and drink. 
  • Your temperature (whether or not you have a fever). 
  • Amount of insulin taken.
  • Last time you took insulin.



The information provided should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

 

Thursday, 10 January 2013

TIPS ON HOW TO TREAT GONORRHEA

 TIPS ON HOW TO TREAT GONORRHEA


Gonorrhea is a sexually-transmitted disease (STD) which can affect the reproductive tract in men and women. Gonorrhea can occur in the uterus, cervix, and fallopian tubes in women, and in the urethra (urine canal) in both genders. Gonorrhea can also affect the throat, eyes, mouth, and anus.
Symptoms may appear within 2-5 days of infection, or as late as 30 days after infection. If you detect any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately. The following will inform you of the medical treatment for gonorrhea.

  1. First, remember that any sexually active person can be infected with gonorrhea. In the United States, the highest reported rates of infection are among:
  2. Know that gonorrhea requires medical treatment. If left untreated, it can cause numerous serious health problems, including chronic pain and infertility in both men and women. Eventually, untreated gonorrhea can be spread to the blood and joints, which can be a life-threatening condition.
  3. There are several antibiotics that can be used to treat adults and adolescents with gonorrhea. Your physician will discuss your treatment with you.
  4. For uncomplicated Gonococcal infections of the cervix, urethra, and rectum, the following may be prescribed:
    • Ceftriaxone
    • Cefixime
    • Single-dose cephalosporin regimens
    • Anyone being treated for gonorrhea will likely be tested/treated for other STDs, most often chlamydia.
  5. It is extremely important to take all of the medication prescribed by your doctor to cure gonorrhea.

More Tips

  • Learn to recognize the signs of gonorrhea. Look for the following symptoms:

    • Be aware of a burning sensation while urinating.
    • Look for a white, green, or yellow discharge from the penis, if you are male. Any discharge from the genital area should be examined by a doctor.
    • In men, watch for painful or swollen testicles.
    • If you are a woman and you have reason to suspect you may be at risk for gonorrhea, get tested. Many women who are infected do not have any symptoms, or symptoms so non-specific as to be mistaken for other conditions.
    • For women, watch for increased vaginal discharge or bleeding between periods. Any unusual vaginal discharge should be examined by a doctor.
    • Watch for anal discharge, soreness, bleeding, itching, or painful bowel movements.
    • Rectal infection may also cause no symptoms, so see a doctor and get tested if you believe you are at risk.
  • With basic safe-sex behaviors, gonorrhea can be prevented. These include:

    • Wearing a condom during intercourse or oral sex.
    • Be tested. Ask your partner(s) to be tested also.
    • Do not be afraid to ask your partner(s) if they have been tested.
    • Abstinence from sex.
  • If you believe you are infected with gonorrhea:

    • Seek medical treatment immediately.
    • Refrain from all sexual activity with your partner(s).
    • Advise all recent sex partners that they should be tested for gonorrhea.
    • Do not have sexual relations until your medical treatment has been completed and you have been given a clean bill of health by your doctor.
     

Warning

  • People who have gonorrhea can more easily contract HIV. Likewise, those infected with HIV and gonorrhea can more easily transmit HIV to others.
  • Left untreated, gonorrhea can cause permanent and serious health problems, including:

    • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women. PID can lead to chronic, long-lasting pelvic pain, and hard to cure internal abscesses (pus-filled sores that are hard to treat). PID can also cause infertility and increase the risk of etopic pregnancy.
    • Epididymitis for men. Epididymitis is a condition of the ducts attached to the testicles, in which normally one side becomes infected. It is a painful condition that may very rarely cause infertility.

 

 


 

Wednesday, 9 January 2013

HOW TO SOLVE YOUR IMPOTENCE PROBLEM

HOW TO SOLVE YOUR IMPOTENCE PROBLEM

No guy wants to deal with male impotence day in and day out. Sex is a way for many males and couples to be able to get away from the stress of everyday life and show their intimacy for each other. Once two people lose this connection due to a problem such as male impotence, it can become very frustrating in life and relationships. In this article I will go over various remedies you can use at home to lower the effects associated with male impotence. As always, speak with a professional before making any changes to your diet or health.
Sex is a very important part of a human natural life. Just as with food and shelter, sex is a human instinct. Sex cannot be performed correctly under stressful or tension filled environments. Let's go over some home remedies for sexual impotence:

o Carrots are looked upon to be very valuable in treating impotence. For the best results, use 150 grams of carrots, chopped. Eat with a half-boiled egg, dipped in honey, once a day for at least a month or two. This recipe is known to increase overall sexual stamina.

o Onions are a very important aphrodisiac food. It is known to strengthen your reproduction organs. Use white onion for best results in treating sexual impotence.

o Garlic is known as one of the best and most beneficial treatment for sexual impotence. Sexologists in the US acknowledge that garlic has a very obvious and known aphrodisiac effect. Three clovers a day chewed is the recommended dosage.

o Asparagus is known to be effective in treating impotency and premature ejaculation. Boil 15 grams of the dried roots in one cup of milk. Take twice daily.

o Ginger is known to be very beneficial in treating sexual impotence. The recommended use is taking half of a teaspoon of ginger juice taken with honey and a half-boiled egg - once daily a night - for a month. It's best known to relieve premature ejaculation, impotency, and spermatorrhoea.

o Raisins are known to be very powerful in restoring sexual stamina. The recommended usage is to boil with milk after being washed in tepid water. After eating the raisins, follow by drinking milk. Start your day with thirty grams of raisins, followed by at least 200ml of milk three times a day. Increase the quantity of raisins, 50 mg each time gradually.

While sexual impotence is a natural process due to stress and age, you must work constantly to make sure you do not completely fall victim to it.

Here are our top recommended tips to stay sexually healthy:
 
1. Good, nutritious diet will keep you feeling active and rejuvenated
2. Plenty of fresh fruit. There are many fruits that have been proven to be effective in treating impotence.
3. Stop smoking! Horrible for your overall health and sex life.
4. Get a regular massage - This will help keep your body feeling flexible, active, and young
5. Go outside and exercise - Fresh air is a great way to keep your body feeling good and healthy.

Kim Grace has a long family history of doctors, herbalists, and
acupuncturists that date back for more than half of a century. She has created a comprehensive guide of the most effective and natural treatments for male impotence and impotence aids

 
 


 

MISTAKES MADE IN MARRIAGE

 MISTAKES MADE IN MARRIAGE

 
We've noticed on the Marriage Forum that there is a pattern to the marital problems and issues that people share. Here's our list of the top ten things that you need to try and avoid in your own marriage.

1. Lack of Respect

Don't badmouth your spouse to your friends or associates. Spouses need to be thanked. They need to know they are appreciated.


2. Not Listening to Your Spouse

This includes allowing your mind to wander, paying more attention to the computer or television set, ignoring body language, and interrupting. Expecting your spouse to be a mind reader is another big communication mistake.

3. Lack of Sexual Intimacy

This is a death knell for a marriage. Seek medical counsel and therapeutic counseling if necessary. Don't leave your spouse wondering why you aren't interested in sex.

4. Always Having to Be Right

This includes lecturing your mate, or having to have the last word. Very few people can love a know-it-all forever. Admit when you make a mistake or that you don't have all the answers. Don't answer every simple question with a long-winded dissertation on the topic.

5. Not Walking the Talk

Actions do speak louder than words. When you say you'll do something, do it. When you say you won't do something, follow through.

6. Hurtful Teasing

If your spouse says the teasing is hurtful, considers it a put down, or thinks that it is inappropriate, then stop it. Claiming that your spouse doesn't have a sense of humor or is too sensitive is being inconsiderate and unkind.

7. Dishonesty

Having lies and secrets in your relationship can create distance and lack of trust between the two of you.

8. Being Annoying

This includes continuing to have gross personal hygiene habits, or always being late, or nitpicking everything your spouse does, etc. It is when you know you are annoying and you continue to annoy.
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9. Being Selfish or Greedy

This is when you spend money on yourself, but make a big deal if your spouse spends a dime. This is not wanting to open your home to friends and family because you prefer to be alone and don't want the hassle of entertaining. This is hogging the remote, only going to cheap restaurants when you could afford better, or not watching movies your spouse wants to see.

10. Having Temper Tantrums

Every couple needs to be able to handle conflict in a constructive way. Having an angry outburst so that you can win an argument will make you the loser in the end.

Important Eight Keys to a Happier Marriage

Newly weds are often asked ‘how’s married life?’ As with everything in life, the answer depends on you. For some, marriage is another word for frustration and even misery. For others it is the bedrock of strength and support they build the rest of their lives around.
What are the differences that lead such a fundamental part of daily life down two totally opposing avenues? I don’t pretend to have all the answers, but I can share with you the things that have helped me in my years of marriage to what I feel is a very strong and happy relationship.
1. Work on Your Marriage. Like most of us, I learnt what I know about marriage from my parents. When my father once said to me ‘marriage requires attention, the moment you stop working on your marriage is the moment it begins to falter’ I can remember thinking, this didn’t sound very much like the movies. After all a wedding is the culmination of a movie, that’s when everything is all sorted out and you don’t have to worry about anything any more, right? Alas, like in many other things, my father has proven correct.
As we’ll discuss in the proceeding paragraphs, maintaining a healthy marriage requires sacrifices, attention and care. It helps to think of your marriage as a living thing in itself. Like all living things, it needs nourishment and protection, healing when it is sick, and space to grow and flourish.
These are all nice words, but what does that mean on a practical level? It means you need to always think about your marriage and not take it for granted. It means you need to be vigilant against things that might threaten it, not just the obvious things like temptation, but the subtle things like imbalances in responsibility and duty, comparisons to others, jealousy and so on. It means you need to nourish your marriage with thoughtfulness for the other’s needs, find time together and sometimes even time apart. It means when things are going wrong you need to stop and think about how you can improve them and perhaps what sacrifices you need to make. It means that a marriage needs to go forward, to change as you both change and to grow stronger.
2. Don’t Leave Things Unsaid. I watched a movie once – I think it was one of those British romantic comedies – where a man is asked why his marriage failed and he replies “Because we left too many things unsaid” and though I don’t normally take advice from movies, this one I took to heart.
If you don’t voice your problems they have nowhere to go. Worse if you voice them to people not in your marriage – i.e. friends, coworkers, anyone else – then instead of airing your dirty laundry you let it fester.
No matter how long two people have known each other there will still be things that they don’t pick up when unspoken. Sure you may think your partner knows what you’re thinking, but what if they don’t? Which leads us to number 3…
3. Speak Plainly. The very worst thing you can do in a relationship is play games with each other. No, not the twister or monopoly varieties, I mean mind games. It’s tempting when you are in a bad mood or when you don’t want to be hurt to be passive aggressive, to not say what you mean, to make veiled hints in order to test the other person and so on. Tempting, but it doesn’t go anywhere except sour.
I think it’s fairly obvious why clear communication leads to a better marriage, and yet it can be difficult to do. But if you have something to say, whether it is to voice some upset, to show that you care or anything else, then you must speak plainly if you hope for the other person to understand. And if you weren’t hoping for them to understand, why are you talking?
Speaking indirectly usually begins during dating or courting. We do it because it avoids us opening up to being hurt. At this early stage if you were to tell someone how much you liked them and they shot you down it would be painful. So to compensate we move slowly and only hint at our feelings until we see enough back from the other person that we start to open up. This is OK.
The problem is when speaking indirectly continues on into the relationship. At that point you should be able to trust the person enough to express your feelings. If they abuse them then you leave. By keeping your guard up you only put huge barriers in the middle of your relationship.
Speaking indirectly is also a bad idea when one person just doesn’t get it. When you have one partner playing games and the other doesn’t really understand their behaviour at times they will begin to resent the other and inevitably this will lead to problems.
Passive aggression on the other hand is when a partner rather than voicing their upsets appears to be smiling, calm, and usually puts bite into words that shouldn’t have it. Over time passive aggression can become less and less veiled and turn into exasperation, distain even disgust.
Another bad habit is what is called stonewalling. This is when a partner simply shuts the other out, going silent, ignoring them or even leaving for a time. Stonewalling has obvious consequences of frustration and anger and quickly leads to cycles of increasing problems as one person stonewalls while the other becomes more and more frustrated, then becomes less and less reasonable leading to further stonewalling.
If you only take one thing away from my words, let it be to speak plainly, avoid passive aggression, avoid games and avoid speaking indirectly. When you say what you mean and communicate your feelings clearly the other person has a proper chance to respond.
4. Be Vulnerable. Too often we don’t want to put our feelings and thoughts out there. Particularly if we’ve had bad experiences when younger, or if simply taught to be that way by watching our parents and peers. Admitting that you are vulnerable – everyone is – is the corollary to speaking plainly.
It is important to remember that this is your partner and they love you and you love them. Between the two of you, if you both speak plainly and admit vulnerability, then you will be able to resolve problems. It may take time, you may have many hurdles to get over, but what other recourse is there than resolution? After all neither of you are out to get the other – remember you love each other!
The flipside to being vulnerable is you get hurt sometimes. Don’t let this close you off, remember this just means that wasn’t the right person, circumstances or perhaps even a little closer to home, there were other things going wrong. Whatever the case, you don’t need to hide away. Without being open to hurt, you won’t be open to the joys of marriage and relationships.
5. Accept your Partner. It is tempting to find a person and try to shape them into the partner you really want. Trying to change a person never works. People know when they are not accepted in their entirety and it hurts.
You shouldn’t go into a marriage or a relationship thinking to change someone. And if you do remember the most you can do is explain what it is, explain how it affects you or why it affects you and if it’s important, then they may change. And if they don’t, then think about all the things that they may wish changed in you.
Of course if there are too many things you want to change, it is important to face that this may not be the right person for you, or you may be expecting too much. People will be what they will be, spending your marriage life trying to shift habits and personalities is like trying to push boulders up a mountain, tiring and not very fun.
6. Spend Time Together. It’s obvious, but a relationship without any face time is going to have problems. I have met happy couples who spend months apart because of work commitments, but they are few and far between and more often than not, their happiness is more a testament to their character and emotional abilities than anything else.
Of course spending time together doesn’t simply mean being in the same room, it means actively finding time where you engage with each other. It may even take work and effort, but remember from above, a happy marriage takes work!
Spending time together, also often entails spending some time alone. Children, even pets can sometimes be barriers to engaging with one another. Even if you simply have a few moments while they run off, it’s important to be alone too.
7. Make Time for Both Your Ambitions and Goals. It is all too easy to focus on your own goals and ambitions and hope or even assume that your partner shares them. If you don’t know what your partner’s life goals are, ask them.
In my marriage, I have goals that are to do largely with working, whereas my wife wants to travel the world. If we did either and not the other, one of us would feel unfulfilled. The solution is of course balance. We try to do one then a little of the other, then switch.
8. Be Clear and Assertive. While it is important to be vulnerable, to make sure your partners goals are being looked after, that you accept your partner and all the other things we’ve talked about, it’s equally important not to be trampled over. You should always be clear and assertive about your own feelings, your own needs and your own goals. Remember that your own happiness is essential to a happy marriage.

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